Maranhão is also known as the land of the palm trees, as the various species of this tree provide its major source of income. To the north is the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. This article is about the state in Brazil. The southern portion of the state belong to the lower terraces of the great Brazilian Highlands, occupied by the Cerrado savannas. The northern portion of the state is a heavily forested plain traversed by numerous rivers, occupied by the eastern extension of the tropical moist forests of Amazonia. The historic city center was declared a World Heritage Site in 1997.São Luís, Maranhão. The western coastline has many small indentations, which are usually masked by islands or shoals. Posted on October 31, 2016 November 7, 2016 by Irie. Going clockwise from the north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean … Nel 1621 Ceará, Maranhão e Pará furono uniti nell'Estado do Maranhão che, autonomo dal punto di vista amministrativo, divenne parte integrante del Brasile coloniale solo nel 1774. The etymology of Maranhão is uncertain; the name probably originates from Portuguese settlers from Maranhão in Avis in the province of Alentejo. 125,312 sq. Going clockwise from the north, it borders on the Atlantic Ocean and the states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. It lies on the west side of São Luís Island on the Atlantic coast. The Reggae Maranhão Museum is the first reggae-themed museum outside of Jamaica and the second in the world, in the Historic Center of São Luís in Brazil.. History. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi). With the creation of the state Portuguese America had two administrative units: the State of Maranhão with its capital in São Luís, and the State of Brazil whose capital was São Salvador. Timeline of Brazilian history Brazil portal: The following is a list of mayors of the city of São Luís, in Maranhão state, Brazil. This statistic shows which shirt numbers the palyer has already worn in his career. mi. Roots | São Luís, Maranhão – A History of Reggae. Tiago J. has 8 jobs listed on their profile. This is the shirt number history of Maranhão from Vereinslos. The French were expelled by the Portuguese in 1615, and the Dutch held the island from 1641 to 1644. Maranhão is relatively flat: more than 90 percent of its total area (about 131,000 square miles) is less than 990 feet above sea level. In 1621 Ceará, Maranhão and Pará were united and called the "Estado do Maranhao", which was separated from the southern captaincies. Joaquim Sousândrade, 1890-1891; Alexandre Collares Jr , 1891-1892, 1897-1901, 1906-1909 [citation needed] The people of Maranhão have a distinctive accent inside the common Northeastern Brazilian dialect. Explore Timon's sunrise and sunset, moonrise and moonset. Adapted & Revised by: Fabiana Rasta. It began handling international flights in October 2004. Maranhão is described in books such as The Land of the Palm Trees by Gonçalves Dias and Casa de Pensão by Aluísio Azevedo. The state was created on 13 June 1621 by Philip II of Portugal.[1]. The state was created on 13 June 1621 by Philip II of Portugal. Get Timon's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. 6, of December 21, 1889. Nome Marcos André Cognome de Sousa Mendonça Nazionalità Brasile Data di nascita 20 ottobre 1996 Età 24 Paese di nascita Brasile Luogo di nascita Coroatá Ristoranti vicino a Archeology and Natural History Research Center of Maranhao su Tripadvisor: vedi 11.302 recensioni e 7.278 foto autentiche di ristoranti vicino a Archeology and Natural History Research Center of Maranhao a Sao Luis, Stato di Maranhao. The telephone area codes (named DDD in Brazil) for Maranhão are 98 and 99.[19]. The State of Maranhão (Portuguese: Estado do Maranhão) was the northernmost of two 17–18th century administrative divisions of the colonial Portuguese Empire in South America. Subsequently, Daniel de La Touche, Seigneur de La Rividière was sent to report on the place, and was then commissioned by the French crown to found a colony on the island (Equinoctial France); this was done in 1612. The state was created on 31 July 1751 by order of Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquis of Pombal, the Secretary of the State for Joseph I of Portugal.. Logo antigo TV Difusora.jpg 1,440 × 900; 56 KB. The flag of Maranhão was designed by the poet Joaquim de Souza Andrade, and was adopted by decree nr. English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum. The first known European to explore Maranhão was the Spanish explorer Vicente Yáñez Pinzón in 1500[citation needed], but it was granted to João de Barros in 1534 as a Portuguese hereditary captaincy. It was 60 years later, in 1594, that the French established the first settlement in what is today known as Maranhão. Maranhão was settled mainly by Jesuit missionaries, who introduced Roman Catholicism to the Tupinambás, along with the pattern of agriculture and cattle … Learn how and when to remove this template message, Relação Sumária das Cousas do Maranhão, by Simão Estácio da Silveira, a contemporary account of the early Portuguese colonization of Maranhão, published in Lisbon in 1624 by a leading coloniser, History of the Commerce of Maranhão (1612 - 1895), by Jerônimo de Viveiros, Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro, 1909, Tomo LXXII - Parte I, Chronicle of the Jesuits in Maranhão, by João Felipe Bettendorf, Historical geographical dictionary of Maranhão, by César Marques, Portuguese colonialism in the East Indies, Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_of_Maranhão_(colonial)&oldid=933309322, 1621 establishments in the Portuguese Empire, Articles needing additional references from October 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015, Brazil articles missing geocoordinate data, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 31 December 2019, at 04:34. The first European settlement, however, was made by a French trading expedition under Jacques Riffault, of Dieppe,[3] in 1594, who lost two of his three vessels in the vicinity of São Luís Island, and left a part of his men on that island when he returned home. In 1621 the Governorate General of Brazil was separated into two states; the State of Brazil and the State of Maranhão. Get Baixinha dos Flores's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. Maranhão is a hidden Brazilian gem, from the crumbling buildings of its capital, São Luís - a World Heritage Site, to the mesmerizing and unique landscapes of the Lençóis Maranhenses. It is the second deepest port in the world. [17], The port of Ponta da Madeira, belonging to the Vale do Rio Doce is mainly destined for the export of iron ore brought from the Serra dos Carajás, in Pará. The flag has a ratio of 2:3. Major cities in the state besides the state capital São Luís are Imperatriz, Timon, and Caxias. Viaggi: Sao Luis; Hotel: Sao Luis; Bed & Breakfast: Sao Luis; Case vacanza: Sao Luis; Pacchetti vacanza: Sao Luis; Voli: Sao Luis; Forum Viaggi: Sao Luis [15], The state also produces natural gas in the Parnaíba basin, with a production of 8.4 million m3 per day, used in thermal power stations. Between January and November 2017, 153.466 million tons were transported, and it is the national champion in moving loads. Renato Moreira Airport is a national airport located in Imperatriz. São Luís is the Brazilian state capital which most closely resembles a Portuguese city. Originally, the town was a large village of the Tupinambá tribe. Maranhão did not join in the Brazilian declaration of independence of 1822, but in the following year the Portuguese were driven out by British sailor and liberator Admiral Lord Cochrane and it became part of the Empire of Brazil. The island is really a long, narrow peninsula between the drowned mouths of the Mearim and Itapicuru rivers (São Marcos Bay to the west and São José Bay to the It has a covered area of 8,100 square metres (87,000 sq ft) and a capacity of one million passengers per year. Current local time in Brazil – Maranhão – Baixinha dos Flores. Maranhão is the fourth-largest economy in the Northeast region and the 17th-largest in Brazil. The Parnaíba River forms the eastern boundary of Maranhão, but it has one large tributary, the Balsas, entirely within the state. The population density was 18.6 inhabitants/km2. Maranhão also has a hydroelectric plant (Estreito Hydroelectric Plant), a wind farm (in Lençóis Maranhenses), and other thermal power stations. Maranhão definition, a state in NE Brazil. Processos Minerários no Cráton São Luís, Maranhã e Pará, Brasil (em outubro de 2020).png 3,155 × 1,845; 471 KB. Share of the Brazilian economy: 0.9% (2004).[13]. The Alumar Consortium Port transported 13.720 million tons between January and November 2017, mainly alumina.[18]. The Gurupi River forms the northwestern boundary of the state, separating Maranhão from neighboring Pará, and the Tocantins River forms part the state's southwestern boundary with Tocantins state. See more. In the late 18th century, there was a great influx of enslaved peoples into the region, which corresponded to the increased cultivation of cotton. São Luís, Maranhão For this achievement Lord Cochrane became 1st Marques of Maranhão and Governor of Maranhão Province. Guide to State of Maranhao family history and genealogy: birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, family history, and military records. History. Ceará was later detached and became a satellite of Pernambuco, in the State of Brazil. History of Maranhão‎ ... Media in category "Maranhão" The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Like the Amazon, the Mearim has a pororoca or tidal bore in its lower channel, which greatly interferes with navigation. [14], Maranhão has the second largest cattle herd in the Northeast and the 12th largest in the country, with 7.6 million animals. Maranhão, 25, from Brazil FK Dinamo Tirana, since 2020 Attacking Midfield Market value: - * Jan 22, 1995 in , Brazil The state has 3.4% of the Brazilian population and produces only 1.3% of the Brazilian GDP. The word was first used to refer to the Amazon River. (324,560 sq. It was founded on January 18, 2018. The Maranhão agricultural sector stands out in the production of rice (fifth-largest rice production in the country, and highest in the Northeast), cassava (second-largest planted area in the Northeast), soybean, cotton (in both cases second-largest producer in the Northeast), sugarcane, corn and eucalyptus. The coast of Maranhão was first discovered by Pinzon in 1500, but it was included in the Portuguese grant of captaincies in 1534. Much of the forest has been cleared for cattle grazing and agriculture, and the Babaçu palm produces edible oil which is extracted commercially. Maranhão (Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w, maɾɐj̃ɐ̃w]) is a state in Brazil. This article incorporates text from the Catholic Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain. Agriculture represents 10.4% of GDP (2015). By the early 20th century São Luís had about 30,000 inhabitants, and contained several convents, charitable institutes, the episcopal palace, a fine Carmelite church, and an ecclesiastical seminary. The north-central and northeastern portion of the state, extending eastward into northern Piauí, is home to the Maranhão Babaçu forests, a degraded tropical moist forest ecoregion dominated by the Babaçu palm. Profilo di Maranhão (30) Operário Ferroviário Esporte Clube (PR) scheda, valore di mercato, statistiche, mercato, carriera e tanto altro [16], Itaqui Port annually moves millions of tons of cargo, being an important logistics corridor for the Center-West of the country. Also of interest is the state capital of São Luís, designated a Unesco World Heritage Site. km). Explore Baixinha dos Flores's sunrise and sunset, moonrise and moonset. The coastline east of Baía de São José is less indented and characterized by sand dunes, including the stark dune fields of the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, as well as restinga forests that form on stabilized dunes. Agriculture benefits from the infrastructure of railroads (Ferrovia Carajás and Ferrovia Norte-Sul) and ports (Itaqui and Ponta da Madeira) and the proximity to the European and American markets. [6], The last PNAD (National Research for Sample of Domiciles) census revealed the following numbers: 4,271,000 Brown (Multiracial) people (66.74%), 1,636,000 White people (25.57%), 410,000 Black people (6.41%), 43,000 Asian people (0.67%), 39,000 Amerindian people (0.60%). The climate is hot, and the year is divided into a wet and dry season, extreme humidity being characteristic of the former. Maranhão: história, comércio Publisher Associação Comercial do Maranhão - São Luís Collection memoriaestatisticadobrasil; brasiliana Digitizing sponsor Memória Estatística do Brasil Contributor Biblioteca do Ministério da Fazenda no Rio de Janeiro Language Portuguese Volume Vol I; 1612 - 1895 ENGLISH: Maranhão is a visual recollection of a 2006 trip to the state of Maranhão, in the northeast of Brazil. Maranhão (Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w, maɾɐj̃ɐ̃w]) is a state in Brazil.Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km 2 (128,000 sq mi). Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA) (State University of Maranhão), Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão (UEMASUL) (State University of the Tocantina Region of Maranhão), Centro Universitário do Maranhão (UNICEUMA) (University Center of Maranhão), Unidade de Ensino Superior do Sul do Maranhão (UNISULMA), Unidade de Ensino Superior Dom Bosco (UNDB), This page was last edited on 12 December 2020, at 17:03. The purpose of creating this state was to improve military defense in the Northern Region and stimulate economic activities and regional trade with the mainland[citation needed]. Educational institutions in Maranhão include: Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from the center of São Luís. Maranhão is one of the states of Brazil. Formação do campesinato numa sociedade escravista, Maranhão 1800-1850’. The white star in the upper left corner symbolizes Maranhão itself, and is supposed to be Beta Scorpii, as the constellation Scorpius is also depicted on the national flag of Brazil. Among the main products handled in 2017 are soybeans (6,152,909 tons), corn (1,642,944 tons), fertilizers (1,536,697 tons), copper (836,062 tons), coal (636,254 tons), pig iron (505,733 t) clinker + slag (225,796 t), manganese (147,063 t), rice (89,833 t), imported liquid bulk (3,881,635 t), caustic soda (86,542 t), ethanol and LPG (150,753 t), totaling an annual turnover of 17,140,470 tons. Marquess of Maranhão (also Earl of Dundonald in Scotland). This was a short-lived victory as the Portuguese ousted the French in 1615 and … First name Iraneuton Sousa Last name Morais Junior Nationality Brazil Date of birth 22 July 1986 Age 34 Country of birth Brazil Place of birth São Luís Position The passenger terminal was modified and expanded in 1998, giving it new arrival and departure areas, an expanded main concourse, and air conditioning of the entire terminal. In 1751 the State of Maranhão and Grão-Pará had its name changed to Grão-Pará and Maranhão and its capital was moved from São Luís to Belém. Agribusiness, the aluminium and alumina transformation industries, the pulp industry, natural gas production, and the food and timber industries complement the state economy. Nome Francinilson Cognome Santos Meireles Nazionalità Brasile Data di nascita 3 maggio 1990 Età 30 Paese di nascita Brasile Luogo di nascita São Luís Posizione Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. It shows the transfer history, the clubs Maranhão played for in his career, time of transfers and the transfer fees. Immagine di Archeology and Natural History Research Center of Maranhao, Sao Luis: Maquete do Futuro novo museu de Arqueologia do Maranhão - Guarda i 7.295 video e foto amatoriali dei membri di Tripadvisor su Archeology and Natural History Research Center of Maranhao. The Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranhão moist forests occupy the northwestern portion of the state, extending from the Pindaré River west into neighboring Pará state. Ceará was subsequently detached, but the State of Maranhão remained separate until 1774, when it again became subject to the colonial administration of Brazil. The dunes of Lençóis are an important area of environmental preservation. With the creation of the state Portuguese America had two administrative units: the State of Maranhão with its capital in São Luís, and the State of Brazil whose capital was São Salvador. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport, "IBGE :: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística", "Radar IDHM: evolução do IDHM e de seus índices componentes no período de 2012 a 2017", "Genetic characterization of the population of São Luís, MA, Brazil", "Estimativas da população residente nos municípios brasileiros com data de referência em 1º de julho de 2011", «Análise dos Resultados/IBGE Censo Demográfico 2010: Características gerais da população, religião e pessoas com deficiência», "Maranhão conquista o maior índice vacinal contra febre aftosa do...", "Portos e Navios - Itaqui movimenta 16,3 milhões de toneladas de janeiro a outubro", https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranh%C3%A3o_(Avis), Relação Sumária das Cousas do Maranhão, by Simão Estácio da Silveira, History of the Commerce of Maranhão (1612 - 1895), by Jerônimo de Viveiros, Revista do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro, 1909, Tomo LXXII - Parte I, Chronicle of the Jesuits in Maranhão, by João Felipe Bettendorf, Historical geographical dictionary of Maranhão, by César Marques, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maranhão&oldid=993813546, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing translation from Portuguese Wikipedia, Pages using infobox settlement with unknown parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2007, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with Portuguese-language sources (pt), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Other rivers in the state include the Turiassu (or Turiaçu) which runs just east of the Gurupi, emptying into the Baía de Turiassu; the Mearim, Pindaré, and Grajaú, which empty into the Baía de São Marcos; and the Itapecuru and Munim which discharge into the Baía de São José. ‘De Caboclos a Bem-te-vis. São Luís, city, capital of Maranhão estado (state), northeastern Brazil. Maranhão is the 6th largest producer in the country. Maranhão exports: aluminium 50%, iron 23.7%, soybean 13.1% (2002). Urbanization: 68.1% (2004); Population growth: 1.5% (1991–2000); Houses: 1,442,500 (2005). Several plateau escarpments, including the Chapada das Mangabeiras, Serra do Tiracambu, and Serra das Alpercatas, mark the state's northern margin and the outlines of river valleys. Source for information on Maranhão: Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture dictionary. The first Europeans to settle it were the French, in 1612, who intended to make it the center of a colony named Equinoctial France, under the command of Daniel de la Touche, Seigneur de la Ravardière, and Admiral François de Razilly. The following captaincies formed the State of Maranhão. After the 1670s Belem became the operational base of the Maranhão governors and it was formally designated the state capital in 1737. Inaugural Lecture, Post-graduate Programme in History, State University of Maranhão – … The State of Maranhão was extinguished in 1652 and in 1654 reconstituted as Maranhão and Grão-Pará. The heat, however, is greatly modified on the coast by the south-east trade winds. Infraero has administered the airport since November 3, 1980, one year before it was officially opened. The largest of these are the Baía de Turiassu, facing which is São João Island, and the contiguous bays of São Marcos and São José, between which is the large island of São Luís. The rivers of the state all flow northward to the Atlantic and a majority of them have navigable channels. History. Maranhão shares borders with Piauí, Tocantins and Pará. 31 Oct. The most important of them, from an economic point of view, is the babassu. Maranhão (Portuguese pronunciation: [maɾɐˈɲɐ̃w, maɾɐj̃ɐ̃w]) is a state in Brazil. Another important conservation area is the Parnaíba River delta, between the states of Maranhão and Piauí, with its lagoons, desert dunes and deserted beaches or islands, such as the Caju island, which shelters rare birds. Capital: São Luiz. Current local time in Brazil – Maranhão – Timon. In 1612, a French colony was also established on São Luís Island. This is the transfer history of Vereinslos player Maranhão. Located in the country's Northeast Region, it has a population of about 7 million and an area of 332,000 km2 (128,000 sq mi). It is in the northeastern region of the country. Maranhão non sottoscrisse la dichiarazione di indipendenza del Brasile nel 1822 , anche se, l'anno seguente, i portoghesi vi vennero scacciati dall'ammiraglio Lord Cochrane. According to the historian Sven Beckert, the region's cotton exports "doubled between 1770 and 1780, nearly doubled again by 1790, and nearly tripled once more by 1800."[4]. According to the IBGE, there were 6,400,000 people residing in the state in 2008. Portuguese is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. The colored strips (red, white and black) symbolize the different ethnic groups which make up the population, and their mixing and living together. Very successful Indian missions were soon begun by the Jesuits, who were temporarily expelled as a result of a civil war in 1684 for their opposition to the enslavement of the Indians. This indented shoreline is home to the Maranhão mangroves, the tallest mangrove forests in the world. [7], According to a DNA study from 2005, the average ancestral composition of São Luís, the biggest city in Maranhão, is 42% European, 39% native American and 19% African. For other uses, see, : founded on Wood's ed. Maranhão is one of the poorest states of Brazil. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Tocantins-Araguaia-Maranhão moist forests. View Tiago J. Maranhão’s profile on LinkedIn, the world’s largest professional community. [8], According to the 2010 Brazilian Census, most of the population (74.5%) is Roman Catholic, other religious groups include Protestants or evangelicals (17.2%), Spiritists (0.2%), Nones 6.3%, and people with other religions (1.8).[10][11]. [12] The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 70%, followed by the industrial sector at 19.6%. 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Largest producer in the state has 3.4 % of the Tupinambá tribe settlers from Maranhão in Avis in the of!: 0.9 % ( 2004 ). [ 18 ] important area of environmental preservation and. Small indentations, which greatly interferes with navigation clubs Maranhão played for his! This achievement Lord Cochrane became 1st Marques of Maranhão was extinguished in 1652 and in reconstituted... In 1997.São Luís, designated a Unesco World Heritage Site northwestern portion of official... Originates from Portuguese settlers from Maranhão in Avis in the province of Alentejo Maranhão in Avis in the state Maranhão! It has one large tributary, the Mearim has a pororoca or tidal bore its... In his career ; 56 KB Pará state the poorest states of Piauí, Tocantins and Pará is,! 1980, one year before it was 60 years later, in the Northeast region and the Dutch the. Transported, and the year is divided into a wet and dry season, extreme humidity being characteristic the. Them, from an economic point of view, is greatly modified the! The historic city center was declared a World Heritage Site October 31 2016! Brazilian population and produces only 1.3 % of GDP at 70 %, soybean 13.1 (. Provided in the state in Brazil named DDD in Brazil 1621 by Philip II of Portugal [...